1. What is the Dilution Formula?

The dilution formula \( C2 = \frac{C1 \times V1}{V2} \) calculates the final concentration of a solution after dilution. It's based on the principle that the amount of solute remains constant before and after dilution.

2. How Does the Calculator Work?

The calculator uses the dilution formula:

Where:

• \( C1 \) — Initial concentration (ppm)
• \( V1 \) — Initial volume (mL or L)
• \( V2 \) — Final volume (mL or L)
• \( C2 \) — Final concentration (ppm)

Explanation: The formula calculates the new concentration after diluting a solution by multiplying the initial concentration by the initial volume and dividing by the final volume.

3. Importance of Dilution Calculations

Details: Accurate dilution calculations are essential in chemistry, biology, medicine, and environmental science for preparing solutions with precise concentrations for experiments, treatments, and analyses.

4. Using the Calculator

Tips: Enter initial concentration in ppm, initial volume and final volume in consistent units (mL or L). All values must be positive numbers.

5. Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

Q1: What does ppm stand for?
A: PPM stands for parts per million, which represents one part of solute per one million parts of solution.

Q2: Can I use different units for volume?
A: Yes, as long as both volume measurements use the same units (both mL or both L).

Q3: What if my final concentration is higher than expected?
A: This typically indicates an error in measurement or calculation. Double-check your input values and ensure proper mixing.

Q4: Can this formula be used for serial dilutions?
A: Yes, but you would need to apply the formula sequentially for each dilution step in a series.

Q5: Are there limitations to this formula?
A: This formula assumes complete mixing and no chemical reactions between solute and solvent. It works best for dilute solutions.