1. What is Magnetic Variation?

Magnetic variation, also known as magnetic declination, is the angle between magnetic north and true north. This angle varies depending on your location on Earth and changes over time.

2. How Does the Calculation Work?

The calculation uses the simple formula:

Where:

• \( \text{Declination} \) — The angular difference between magnetic north and true north (degrees)

Explanation: Magnetic variation is equal to the declination value for a specific location at a specific time.

3. Importance of Magnetic Variation

Details: Accurate magnetic variation calculation is crucial for navigation, surveying, and mapping applications. It ensures proper alignment between magnetic compass readings and true geographic directions.

4. Using the Calculator

Tips: Enter the declination value in degrees. The value can be positive (east declination) or negative (west declination) depending on your location.

5. Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

Q1: What's the difference between magnetic variation and magnetic declination?
A: Magnetic variation and magnetic declination are two terms for the same concept - the angle between magnetic north and true north.

Q2: How often does magnetic variation change?
A: Magnetic variation changes gradually over time due to shifts in Earth's magnetic field. Navigation charts are regularly updated with current declination values.

Q3: Where can I find declination values for my location?
A: Declination values can be found on topographic maps, nautical charts, aviation charts, or through online magnetic field calculators provided by geological surveys.

Q4: How does magnetic variation affect navigation?
A: Navigators must apply the variation correction to convert between magnetic bearings (compass readings) and true bearings (map directions).

Q5: Is magnetic variation the same worldwide?
A: No, magnetic variation differs across geographical locations. It can range from 0° to more than 20° east or west depending on where you are on Earth.